It is a pity, that we do not draw directly eyes.
As vanishes on a long way much
From eyes through a hand to a brush.
Lessing
Origin of a word "design"
The word design in Russian has appeared be relative recently. It from the Italian language has come and in translation has set of values. "Disegno" is a plan, the plan, intention, the purpose, the drawing, the sketch, a sketch, figure, a pattern, model, a pattern, the underlying circuit, a composition. For the Internet the understanding of design has special character. In connection with rapid development of modern technologies, the concept of design has got new, wider sense and now designates not only any separate subject, and is the whole direction applied to all areas of modern activity of the person. The person engaged in design (designer) should possess knowledge in many subject domains and was able put them into practice, projecting in creative process creation of an image. With confidence it is possible to say, that the design is the modern art of art designing, development of samples of rational construction of the subject environment.
The design has arisen in the beginning of 20 centuries as a result of spontaneous formation of visual and functional properties of world around.
In various cultures it is accepted to name design activity differently:
* The Polish language uses expression " wzornictwo przemyslowe "
* German language uses the term "formgebung"
* Russian is declined to the following word-combination: " art designing "
In a history of our country also there were such designations, as " Decorative art " or "Industrial art". The perception(recognition) and various use of the term "design" in the different countries speaks about uniqueness of each of cultures and about their special attitude(relation) to this kind of art.
In 1959 as the international designation of a word and sense "Design" the term " industrial design " - " industrial design " nevertheless has been accepted.
The design aspires to capture all aspects of environment(Wednesday) surrounding the person which is caused by industrial production.
Preconditions of design art are:
* First of all, natural human aspiration to perfect, and also desire of an embodiment of the new and more and more perfect images
* An economic gain being huge motive for development of design
The new stage of his(its) development has arisen at transition from manual production to machine. To use just the invented products, they needed to give the certain form which would involve with the kind of buyers, than successfully and the modern design is engaged. Now did not remain practically to any sphere of activity of the person which would not be subject to influence of design.
Exists:
* Design of an interior
* Design of clothes
* Design of the book
* Landscape design
* Subject design
* Exhibition design
* And many other things
Recently rather widespread kind of design is the Web-design. And it it is no wonder, in fact development of products of Internet - business is rather convenient as for realization of economic interests of the various companies, and for realization of art plans of the designer. Besides this rather new direction in design which demands occurrence of new experts more and more, i.e. is "bread" for huge quantity(amount) of people.
But the history of design begins still far before creation of the Internet.
When the design has appeared?
It is possible to assume, has what is it taken place still in days of scale figures and cave people. And it is valid, in spite of the fact that the concept of design has arisen much later, sources of his(its) occurrence lay in days of our ancestors. Such, just borned the kind of creativity can be attributed(related) to the monogram. In translation with Greek "monogram" means too most, as " a simple line ". Scale figures are just executed in similar style. It is natural, that our ancestors, leaving traces on walls of the caves, even did not suspect, that they are engaged in design of an interior, registration of the dwelling. Later the monogram began to designate a sign made of two or more connected letters, usually it is the initials which put on subjects of use for the instruction(indication) on their owner. The monogram is carried out by a font simulating a free spelling "by hand" or reminding " woodcarving or to a stone " with the subsequent completions which, as a rule, is carried out by a feather, a brush or a felt-tip pen, and then processed by a computer. Such composition will seldom consist only of letters. She can be added with a contour of any form. As the monogram trade marks are carried out also. In this case at the expense of a kind of a font and additional elements it is possible to express a scope of a trade mark. And for development of the monogram words and the whole phrases which now it is accepted to name slogans can be used not only letters, but.
Occurrence of the design directly related to modern activity, falls at the period which has come(stepped) after the Second World war. And most promptly he started to develop from Japan. To Japan we are obliged to many principles which always were a basis of traditional Japanese art, and now became basic in all design art: a composition, asymmetry and expediency. Not poorly important role the Japanese aesthetics and love to perfect has played. It is necessary to give due to the Japanese manufacturers, in fact their goods always meet two main requirements: a practicality and beauty. According to products of the Japanese design, creation of forms should be thought over and completed.
Schools
Also the birth of design falls at the period of occurrence of design schools.
Brightest of them are:
* BAUHAUZ in Germany (1919 - 1933)
* VHUTEMAS in Russia the Soviet period (1920 - 1930)
At these schools major principles of design art (функционализма / constructivism) were developed, and also the first professional designers prepared. The first design office has appeared in the USA in the beginning 20ого centuries. In connection with that, that the main motive of development of the American design is the economy, the American design does not associate with a kind of art, and creates impression that serves for the material purposes of promotion of the goods.
The brightest an example of the American design is a series of activity of such firms as Nokia, Philips, Motorola, Siemens and Samsung.
Web-design
So, as it was spoken above, the Web-design is one of the most modern kinds of design art and thus tries to respond all conditions of practical use.
With development of computer technics(technical equipment) practically all human activity has moved to 3х-dimensional space of a virtual reality. All calculations carry out machines. Communications occur generally too in the computer world. It it is no wonder, in fact modern technologies have already reached(achieved) the necessary level responding two main requirements of convenience: speeds and absence of necessity for moving the person for transfer of the information. But the mankind has not lost thus love to perfect. But alongside with desire to receive the practical goods, there is other desire - that the goods pleased an eye. The most widespread kind of activity of the modern designer is creation of a breadboard model for sites. Or Web-design in another way.
In a basis of web-design all same main principles, as in a basis of other versions of design lay:
* A principle of functionality: " that is functional, it is beautiful "
This principle has arisen and has been formulated at the end of 20-th century at school Bauhauz. Creation of design for a site puts before itself quite natural purposes of completion of these principles. At creation of a site solve all questions of his(its) functioning, and therefore by development of a breadboard model of a site this principle should be used.
Besides set of graphic elements and their semantic arrangement on a canvas of a breadboard model of the future page of a site is very important. The second principle of design art from here follows:
Principle of constructivism which consists not in the purpose of drawing up of a composition, and in the purpose of creation of its(her) design
Besides the site which has been thought over in technical sense, should be will penetrate spiritual idea, and, only then he can apply for competition with other jobs of a similar direction.
The Web-design puts before itself the various purposes:
* Formation at the user of positive perception(recognition) of an image of object of an advertising product
* Simplicity and clearness of structure of a site
* Intuitively understandable user interface
* Convenience of navigating system
And their achievement allows to realize an economic target of the companies, and problems of modern culture demand the decision. In this connection creation of sites has got new sense. Sometimes designers amaze up to depth of soul with the skill and skill to embody conceived in a real life, and the jobs created by them, reference to a modern kind of art really deserve. Alongside with exhibitions of design of an interior, exhibitions of Web-masters began to appear.
New technologies promote simplification of realization of images by the Web-artist, but a considerable stock of knowledge in various sciences and cultures, and also enough good skills in computer technologies on the other hand demand. In general, he should have associative thinking, to be intellectually advanced and to own elementary technical skills. In fact designing of things is based on principles of a combination of convenience, profitability and beauty.
Web - the design is rather perspective kind of creativity, and the person engaged in similar job, really is reputable.
| 
